LINUX:SmartMonTools

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But

Ce logiciel sert à surveiller l'état des disques durs qui supportent la technologie Smart. En cas de défaillance, son service vous avertit par mail.


Installation

Par défaut, il est installé.

Sinon exécutez la commande suivante:

dnf install smartmontools


Service

Si vous voulez être avertis, il faut lancer le service Smartd:

systemctl enable smartd
systemctl start smartd


Consultation

On peut consulter à tout moment un grand nombre d'informations sur l'état du disque via son nom de device.

Pour obtenir la totalité des informations, utilisez les options "-a" ou "-x". Par exemple pour de device "/dev/sda", premier disque répertorié:

smartctl -a /dev/sda
smartctl -x /dev/sda

Voici un exemple de sortie pour la première commande:


smartctl 7.4 2023-08-01 r5530 [x86_64-linux-6.11.5-200.fc40.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-23, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
 
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Western Digital Blue
Device Model:     WDC WD5000AAKX-001CA0
Serial Number:    WD-WCAYUHL91712
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 2067f4155
Firmware Version: 15.01H15
User Capacity:    500.107.862.016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Device is:        In smartctl database 7.3/5528
ATA Version is:   ATA8-ACS (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Sun Nov  3 12:56:00 2024 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
 
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
 
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x82) Offline data collection activity
                                        was completed without error.
                                        Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
                                        without error or no self-test has ever
                                        been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection:                ( 7860) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:                    (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                                        Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                                        Suspend Offline collection upon new
                                        command.
                                        Offline surface scan supported.
                                        Self-test supported.
                                        Conveyance Self-test supported.
                                        Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
                                        power-saving mode.
                                        Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                                        General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (   2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (  80) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (   5) minutes.
SCT capabilities:              (0x3037) SCT Status supported.
                                        SCT Feature Control supported.
                                        SCT Data Table supported. 
 
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
 ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x002f   200   200   051    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0027   144   140   021    Pre-fail  Always       -       3775
  4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       760
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   200   200   140    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x002e   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   021   021   000    Old_age   Always       -       57893
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
 11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       758
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       85
193 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       674
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   095   090   000    Old_age   Always       -       48
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0030   200   200   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate   0x0008   200   200   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0
 
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
 
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged.  [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
 
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Not_testing
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay. 
 
The above only provides legacy SMART information - try 'smartctl -x' for more


Scripts

On peut créer des scripts pour en extraire les information désirées afin de faciliter la lecture.

Le premier permet d'extraire les informations générales:


#!/bin/bash
 
liste=`ls /dev/sd?`
echo -e "Disque  \tTaille\tFirme-Modèle"
echo "============================================================================="
for disque in $liste
do
 FIRME=`/usr/sbin/smartctl -a  $disque  | /usr/bin/grep "Model Family"  | /usr/bin/awk -F':' '{printf("\t%s\n",$2)}' | /usr/bin/sed -r "s/(  )+//g" `
 MODEL=`/usr/sbin/smartctl -a  $disque  | /usr/bin/grep "Device Model"  | /usr/bin/awk -F':' '{printf("\t%s\n",$2)}' | /usr/bin/sed -r "s/(  )+//g" `
 TAILLE=`/usr/sbin/smartctl -a  $disque | /usr/bin/grep "User Capacity" | /usr/bin/awk -F'[' '{printf("\t%s\t",$2)}' | /usr/bin/awk -F']' '{printf("\t%s\t",$1)}' | /usr/bin/sed -r "s/(  )+//g" `
 echo -n $disque
 echo -n -e "\t"
 echo -n $TAILLE
 echo -n -e "\t"
 echo -n $FIRME
 echo -n -e "\t"
 echo $MODEL
done

Si nous l'exécutons, nous obtenons ce style de sortie:


Disque          Taille  Firme-Modèle
=============================================================================
/dev/sda        500 GB  Western Digital Blue    WDC WD5000AAKX-001CA0
/dev/sdb        500 GB  Western Digital Blue    WDC WD5000AAKX-603CA0
/dev/sdc        500 GB  Seagate Barracuda ES.2  ST3500320NS
/dev/sdd        1,00 TB Western Digital Blue    WDC WD10EALX-009BA0


Le second permet d'extraire la température des disques:


#!/bin/bash
 
echo " "
echo "Désignation des colonnes:"
echo A. Température actuelle
echo B. Power Cycle Min/Max Temperature
echo C. Lifetime    Min/Max Temperature
echo D. Température recommandée Min/Max
echo E. Température limite Min/Max
echo " "
echo -e "Disque  \tTempératures"
echo    "                A       B       C       D       E"
echo    "================================================================"
liste=`ls /dev/sd?`
for disque in $liste
do
 TEMP1=`/usr/sbin/smartctl -x  $disque | /usr/bin/grep "Power Cycle Min/Max Temperature" | /usr/bin/awk -F' ' '{printf("\t%s\n",$5)}' | /usr/bin/sed -r "s/(  )+//g" `
 TEMP2=`/usr/sbin/smartctl -x  $disque | /usr/bin/grep "Lifetime    Min/Max Temperature" | /usr/bin/awk -F' ' '{printf("\t%s\n",$4)}' | /usr/bin/sed -r "s/(  )+//g" `
 TEMP3=`/usr/sbin/smartctl -x  $disque | /usr/bin/grep "Min/Max recommended Temperature" | /usr/bin/awk -F' ' '{printf("\t%s\n",$4)}' | /usr/bin/sed -r "s/(  )+//g" `
 TEMP4=`/usr/sbin/smartctl -x  $disque | /usr/bin/grep "Min/Max Temperature Limit"       | /usr/bin/awk -F' ' '{printf("\t%s\n",$4)}' | /usr/bin/sed -r "s/(  )+//g" `
 TEMP=`/usr/sbin/smartctl -x  $disque  | /usr/bin/grep "Temperature_Celsius"             | /usr/bin/awk -F' ' '{printf("\t%s\n",$8)}' | /usr/bin/sed -r "s/(  )+//g" `
 if [ "$TEMP" == "" ]
 then
  TEMP=`/usr/sbin/smartctl -x  $disque | /usr/bin/grep "Current Temperature:"            | /usr/bin/awk -F' ' '{printf("\t%s\t",$3)}' | /usr/bin/sed -r "s/(  )+//g" `
 fi
 echo -n $disque
 echo -n -e "\t"
 echo -n $TEMP
 echo -n -e "\t"
 echo -n $TEMP1
 echo -n -e "\t"
 echo -n $TEMP2
 echo -n -e "\t"
 echo -n $TEMP3
 echo -n -e "\t"
 echo -n $TEMP4
 echo -n -e "\t"
 echo " Celcius"
done

Si nous l'exécutons, nous obtenons ce style de sortie:


Désignation des colonnes:
A. Température actuelle
B. Power Cycle Min/Max Temperature
C. Lifetime Min/Max Temperature
D. Température recommandée Min/Max
E. Température limite Min/Max
 
Disque          Températures
                A       B       C       D       E
================================================================
/dev/sda        48      24/51   0/53    0/60    -41/85   Celcius
/dev/sdb        49      24/52   0/55    0/60    -41/85   Celcius
/dev/sdc        41      22/42   18/50   0/      0/       Celcius
/dev/sdd        48      24/52   47/55   0/60    -41/85   Celcius

On peut remarquer que certaines valeurs ne sont pas disponibles pour certains disques selon les fonctions supportées de Smart du matériel.

Note: Nous verrons dans d'autres articles diverses commandes de lignes fournissant aussi la température des disques (Surveiller la température).


On peut adapter facilement ces scripts afin d'extraire d'autres informations.




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